Last Updated: Friday 10th January 2025
This guide will cover everything you need to know about tackling plumbing and water systems when you’re converting a van into a camper.
Converting a van into a cosy, functional campervan is an exciting project that allows you to create a unique home on wheels designed specifically for you. One thing a successful van conversion needs is an efficient plumbing and water system, providing access to clean water and proper waste disposal for your travels.
Why is it so important to get the plumbing right?
Water is a daily necessity, used for cooking, cleaning, and personal hygiene. In a campervan, having a reliable plumbing system is essential for a comfortable and hassle-free journey on the road. Whether you’re building a self-contained camper for full-time living or occasional weekend getaways, understanding how to install and maintain your water system is vital.
This informative guide will delve into the basics of plumbing in a van conversion, including choosing the right parts, installing water tanks, key plumbing fixtures, and maintaining your system. We'll also touch on a few important things to consider for campervan insurance, which is especially important if you're undertaking a self-build or DIY campervan project.
Choosing the right components
Water tanks
The foundation of any van plumbing system is the water tanks. You'll need at least two tanks for your campervan: one for fresh water and one for grey water (wastewater from sinks and showers).
Fresh Water Tank: These tanks come in a wide range of sizes, so the best way to determine the size you need is based on your water usage. Food-grade plastic is recommended for fresh water tanks to ensure water safety, and it's best to install them inside the van to prevent freezing in cold weather. Under-seat storage or under-bed storage are common locations.
Grey Water Tank: This should match or slightly exceed the capacity of your fresh water tank. In terms of material, it's best to use ones made from durable, non-toxic plastic. Grey water tanks are often mounted underneath the van to maximise interior space, but it's important to ensure easy access for draining when installing them.
Plumbing fixtures
Your van's plumbing system will include various fixtures such as sinks, faucets, and showers. It’s best to choose components that are compact, durable, and suitable for mobile use.
Sinks and taps: Opt for a compact sink to maximise counter space. Stainless steel is a popular choice for van renovations due to its durability. Consider a tap with a pull-out sprayer for extra versatility, and ensure it has a low flow rate to conserve water.
Shower: Consider whether you want an indoor shower or an outdoor shower setup. Indoor showers require more space and ventilation, so bear this in mind when planning your conversion. Also, it's a good idea to look for a showerhead designed for low water pressure and flow.
Toilet: There are several types of toilets available for campervans. Choose between portable chemical toilets, composting toilets, or cassette toilets, based on your preferences and space constraints.
Plumbing pipes and fittings
Use flexible, high-quality hoses for your plumbing system to handle vibrations and movement during travel. Common materials include PEX (cross-linked polyethylene) and flexible PVC.
PEX Tubing Pipes: Durable and easy to install, PEX is resistant to freezing and bursting, ideal for converted campervans.
Flexible PVC Pipes: Suitable for grey water systems, but you will need to ensure it meets food-grade standards for fresh water.
Push-Fit Fittings: These are easy to install and remove, making them ideal for DIY projects.
Hose Clamps: These are key for ensuring secure connections to prevent leaks.
Installing the plumbing system
Water pumps
A water pump is essential for delivering pressurised water to your faucets and shower, while an accumulator tank helps maintain consistent water pressure and reduces pump cycling, providing a reliable water supply. Opt for a quality 12V pump and install it near the fresh water tank, making sure it's easily accessible for maintenance.
Plumbing layout
Plan your plumbing layout in advance to prevent extended pipes and bends, which can reduce water pressure and increase the risk of leaks. Here are some key things to note:
- Cold Water Line: Run a cold water line from the fresh water tank to the pump, then to the sink, shower, and any other fixtures.
- Hot Water Line: If you’re installing a hot water system, run a hot water line from the water heater to the sink and shower.
- Grey Water Line: Connect the sink and shower drains to the grey water tank, installing a valve for easy draining.
Hot water systems
If you want hot water in your campervan, you have a couple of options:
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Gas-Powered Water Heaters: Propane water heaters are efficient, but the gas supply may require additional space, and you will also need to ensure proper ventilation.
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Electric-Powered Water Heaters: These are very effective, and particularly ideal if you want to conserve space in your camper, as you will not require the gas equipment alongside the heater.
Ventilation and safety
Proper ventilation is crucial, especially if you're using gas-powered appliances or heaters. Installing effective vents and fans, such as MaxxAir or Fiamma options, to ensure adequate airflow and prevent the buildup of harmful gases.
Installing a roof vent will also improve air circulation and remove moisture and odours. If you’re using propane appliances in your van, be sure to set up proper ventilation and install a carbon monoxide detector to ensure safety.
Testing and maintenance
Before hitting the road, thoroughly check your plumbing system for leaks and check that it's all operating as you’d expect. Fill up the fresh water tank and pressurise the system, then check all connections for issues or leaks.
Regular maintenance is essential for keeping your system running smoothly. Clean and sanitise the fresh water system periodically and inspect hoses and fittings for wear, replacing as needed.
Conclusion
Handling plumbing and water systems in a van conversion may seem daunting, but with careful planning and the right components, you can create a reliable and efficient system. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you'll be well on your way to enjoying the comforts of home while exploring the open road.
Remember, a well-designed plumbing system improves your overall campervan experience, providing you with a consistent supply of clean water for drinking, cooking, and cleaning, wherever you are.
Take a look at our handy guide on the legal and safety requirements when converting your van into a camper to discover the key specifications that you'll need to be aware of.
Don't forget to browse our full range of conversion parts and head over to Just Kampers Insurance so your bespoke camper is fully covered. We offer a wide range of products and resources to support your van conversion journey, so you have everything you need to create your perfect home on wheels.
